Case Control Study

The Case Control Study calculator analyses cases (with outcome) vs. controls (without outcome) to compute odds ratios for prior exposure.


Step 1 — Choose data source

  • Sample Data Download — template Excel file
  • Excel Import — upload your own file

Step 2 — Choose analysis mode

Mode What it does
Single Exposure One exposure variable
Multi Exposure Multiple exposures — produces forest plot of odds ratios

Step 3 — Manual entry (alternative)

  • Cases Exposed / Total
  • Controls Exposed / Total

Step 4 — Calculate

Results panel shows:

  • Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% CI
  • Exposure proportions in cases and controls
  • Strength of association label
  • Effect size interpretation
  • CI width assessment — precision rating
  • Sample size assessment — adequacy and recommendations
  • Plain-language interpretation

Step 5 — Multi-Exposure results

  • Summary table with all ORs
  • Forest Plot comparing exposures
  • Interpretation Guide

A UniversalChatBot is available below.


Statistical methods used

Odds Ratio (OR)

OR = (a * d) / (b * c) with Woolf log-scale CI.

Zero-cell handling

Six distinct scenarios handled explicitly (OR reported as 0, Infinity, or undefined with explanation).

Effect size tiers

OR range Label
0.9 - 1.11 No meaningful effect
0.5 - 0.8 or 1.25 - 2.0 Medium effect
< 0.3 or > 3.0 Very large effect

Strength of association (log-OR based)

| |ln(OR)| | Strength | |---|---| | < 0.405 | Weak | | 0.405 - 1.099 | Moderate | | 1.099 - 1.609 | Strong | | >= 1.609 | Very strong |

CI precision assessment

ciWidthPercent = (CI_upper - CI_lower) / OR * 100